Regular deadheading of a plant's flowers encourages it to focus their energy on producing more flowers instead of seeds.
1. Look for flowers that are wilted, faded, or drying out.
2. Remove the entire flower AND seed pod. Instead of just pulling off the flower only by pinching or snipping the entire flower stem just above the next healthy set of leaves. (Petunias in particular often develop a small seed pod at the base of the flower — if you leave it, the plant puts energy into seeds instead of new blooms).
3. Use your fingers or small pruning shears to gently pinch or cut the seed pod just above the next healthy set of leaves. This prevents petunias and all flowering plants from getting leggy and keeps the blooms coming.
4. Deadhead regularly. Check your petunias once or twice a week and remove spent blooms+seed pods as you see them. This helps the plant stay healthy. It's okay to also cut back leggy petunias at the same time as deadheading to achieve a more compact and full look.
Note: Supertunias and Wave petunias are self-cleaning, meaning they don't need to be deadheaded.
Why deadhead flowers?
A flower's job is to produce viable seeds to reproduce the plant. After pollination, the plant shifts its resources to the next step: reproduction through seed formation. Interrupting the cycle by deadheading fading blooms prevents seed formation and forces the plant to start over with more blooms.